Vickers Valiant
The first of the RAF's V-class bombers, the
Valiant flew for the first time on 18 May 1951 and entered service with
No. 138 Squadron early in 1955. Three prototypes and 104 production
Valiants were built, the last of these being completed and flying on
August 27, 1957. Apart from the initial production B.Mk. 1 long-range
medium bomber, three versions of the Valiant were produced; the B.(P.R.)
Mk. 1 dual-purpose version equipped for long-range high-altitude
photo-reconnaissance, the B.K. Mk. 1 and the B.(P.R.).K. Mk. 1, both of
which had provision for in-flight refuelling.
The first Valiant B.1s
entered service with 232 Operational Conversion Unit at RAF Gaydon in June
1954. Gaydon had been a bomber training station in World War II and had
been re-opened to be the first V-Force base. While the first Valiant crews
were being trained the first operational squadron was formed. The first of
the new V-Bombers, the Vickers Valiant, entered service with No. 138 Sqn
at RAF Gaydon, Warwickshire in January 1955. 138 moved to RAF Wittering
and became fully operational in July 1955. Wittering had been home to the
RAF's slowly increasing stockpile of nuclear weapons since 1953 and now
finally the RAF had bombers and bombs in the same place. In 1956 RAF
Marham and RAF Honington were prepared for V-Force operations and five
more Valiant squadrons were formed - 214, 207, 148, 49 and 7 Squadrons. On
25-26 May 1960 a Valiant of No. 214 Sqn made the first non-stop UK -
Singapore flight. Covering a distance of 8,100 miles (13,053 km) in 15 hr
35 min, the aircraft was refuelled over Cyprus and Karachi, Pakistan.
A total of 11 Valiant B(PR)
Mk.1 reconnaissance variants were produced. These could carry up to eight
cameras in the bomb bay instead of a bomb load. The first deliveries of
these were to the newly formed 543 Squadron at RAF Wyton in June 1955.
Once Valiant B.1 and Valiant B(PR).1 production finished, another variant
was produced, the Valiant B(PR)K.1.
During the Suez Crisis
Valiants of 138, 148, 207 and 214 squadrons were deployed to RAF Luqa in
Malta and the first Valiant attacks against Egyptian airfields began on 31
October 1956. After failing to stop Egyptian and Israeli fighting around
the Suez Canal, RAF Canberra and Valiant bombers flying from Malta and
Cyprus, in conjunction with French Air Force aircraft, attacked twelve
airfields in the Canal Zone. Airfield attacks continued until 4 November,
by which time the Egyptian Air Force had been decimated.
The Valiant can carry a
10,000-lb. bomb load internally, but by the mid-1960s was relegated
largely to the photo-reconnaissance and tanker roles. In 1964 the entire
Valiant fleet was retired, with the OCU being first to disband and the
last Valiant squadron, 49 Squadron, being disbanded in January 1965.
Power Plant: Four
Rolls-Royce Avon 204 turbojets
Thrust: 10,050 lbst each
Length: 108 ft. 3 in.
Height: 32 ft. 2 in.
Wingspan: 114 ft. 4 in.
Speed: Maximum - 567 m.p.h. at 30,000 ft. (Mach 0.84)
Maximum - 414 m.p.h. at sea level
Cruising - 553 m.p.h. at 30,000 ft. (Mach 0.82)
Cruising - 495 m.p.h. [economic]
Ceiling: 54,000 ft.
Weight: 75,881 lb. - Empty
Maximum Takeoff Weight: 175,000 lb.
Armament: One 10,000 lb thermonuclear
bomb, or 21*1000lb iron bombs. |