Glasair 3
by Budd Davisson, courtesy of
www.airbum.com
Looking
over the long snoot of the
Glasair III, my throttle
hand wasn't even halfway
to the panel before I knew
I was in serious emotional
trouble. Once again, I
felt my heart slipping
away as fast as the Speedy
G-III was sucking he
runway under us. Before I
even had the nosewheel of
the ground, I knew that
this was the start of a
too-familiar, frustrating
relationship-I was falling
in love with something I
couldn't have. One
comforting thought came to
mind: I could at least
have a one-night (or a
one-afternoon) stand with
this stunning beauty.
The reason
I felt my emotions being
taken from me at such an
early stage in my
relationship with the
G-III was because
everthing felt just right,
and seldom does this
impression lead to an
emotional over-reaction, a
fact which would be
confirmed during the next
several hours.
We had
lined up on the runway at
Oshkosh, watching a Breezy
float its way off the
ground ahead of us and
seeing it turn right in
the prescribed manner so
as to avoid over-flying
the east/west runway.
Since our stall speed
probably approached the
Breezy's red-line, we
waited, and we waited some
more, until the FAA flag
man refused to let us
occupy the middle of the
pavement any longer, and
frantically waved us down
the runway.
The
throttle started in, then
the runway started moving.
Suddenly, in a nanosecond
or thrice, the runway was
blurring, and I tightened
my grip on the stick,
gently urging it back.
Obediently, the nose
pivoted up, covering the
sky ahead, while the mains
remained hesitantly on the
ground. Then, before I
knew it, the
airplane was off the
ground. I quickly slapped
the gear switch up, my
eyes riveted on the Breezy
which was wafting its way
up crosswind.
The Breezy
had turned. so wide that
there was only a few
hundred yards left for us
between it and the
forbidden zone. In the
interest of keeping the
pucker factor within
reasonable limits, I
brought the power back to
24 square and pushed the
nose down, keeping the
Breezy in sight at all
times. As we zipped past
the bug-spattered Breezy
pilot, I rolled out of the
bank and headed for the
lake, glancing at the
gauges as I did. I looked
back quickly, even twice,
to make sure I was reading
them right. To my
surprise, even at that
power setting and a slight
nose-up attitude, I was
indicating 165 mph and
1500 fpm up. Talk about
rocking and rolling!
Yessir,
we're talking about a real
love affair with an
airplane here!
The Glasair III is what
happens when something
unbelievably slick hits
the homebuilt market with
something other than the
largest engine available
in it; it's generally only
a matter of time before
someone stuffs said
humongous motor under its
hood.
However, in the case of
the Glasair III, the
factory, Stoddard
Hamilton, beat the
homebuilders to it. Almost
before the first Glasair
II RGs started hitting the
streets as completed kits,
the guys up in Arlington,
Washington already had the
III in the moulds.
It would be easy to say
that the III is a hot-rodded
II - which it is - but as
is always the case, when
something is radically
hopped up, many more
features about it change,
than stay the same. For
instance, the wing area of
the two is identical (81.3
sq. ft.), as is the
wingspan (23.3 ft.), which
would lead one to believe
that it's the same wing,
but that's definitely not
the case. With a gross
weight of 2400 pounds
versus 1800 pounds, a red
line of 335 mph
(that's no typo), as
opposed to 260 mph, and -6
and -4 Gs (limit load),
you just know it would be
safe to bet that there
aren't many
interchangeable wing
pieces.
From the outside, the most
noticeable difference is
the extra 2.5 feet
of fuselage length, part
of which is in front of
the wing, and part
aft of it. It stretches
the airframe out to where
the boxy look of the II
has been converted into
nothing short of perfect.
The interesting thing
about the Glasair Ill is
that, although it's been
only a little over two
years since it was first
introduced, there already
are a number of kit-built
planes in the air. That
says several fairly
significant things. First,
it says that there are a
lot of guys out there with
plenty of bucks, since it
would be tough to do a
GIII for less than $60,000
(and $85,000 is a
lot closer) {editor's
note from the year 2000.
Make that $100,000, plus
the factory has in the
process of changing hands
after going Tango Uniform).
Second, those same guys
with the money have
excellent taste. Third,
the airplane goes together
exactly as advertised.
Ten years ago, this
airplane would have been a
radical breakthrough both
in performance and in
structure. Today, however,
the entire homebuilding
market has become blaze'
on both
scores.--especially in the
area of structure.
Hamilton-Stoddard was the
first company to use the
moulded composite concept
for a homebuilt kit with
the original Glasair I.
Rutan's method was to
build the airplane around
foam cores, laying the
glass up on the outside.
Hamilton-Stoddard hit it
the other way around, and
the skin and most
structural parts are
glass-foam-glass
sandwiches which are laid
up in female moulds. This
means that the parts
supplied are similar to
those of a plastic model
airplane kit in which
major pieces of structure
are bonded together to
form completed components.
The wing of the Glasair
series, for instance,
comes with the spar
already pre-moulded into
the bottom skin, just
waiting for the rest of
the ribs and the top skin.
This type of structure
progresses incredibly
fast. But it also means
major (as in really big)
investments in hard
tooling at the factory
which, in turn, translates
to increased kit cost to
the buyer. In the case of
the G-III, that means
$3350 (or
approximately ten percent)
up front.
Glasair
uses the vinylester epoxy
system, as opposed to the
polyester system favoured
by Lancair. There is a
raging battle going on
between the users of the
various systems concerning
the effects of skin
temperature on the
material, especially at
the joints where the
builder-applied epoxy
isn't oven-cured. Rutan is
on the side of the
vinylester,
always-paint-it-white
crowd.
Somehow, as
we were blasting past that
Breezy, at Oshkosh, none
of the background
information about the
airplane was on my mind.
All I could think about
was, er, was - actually, I
wasn't thinking about
anything at all was just
sitting there, soaking in
the entire experience. We
wanted to get into some
clean airspace so we could
fool around, but first we
had to thread our way
through the mess of
airplanes which were
inbound to the airport. So
we kept it low and slow
(180 mph!) until we were
ten miles out, at which
time I squeezed on 25
square and pointed it
up, watching the VSI work
its way around to a solid
3100 fpm and I was still
at 170 mph! This Glasair
III has got to be the
performingest civilian
machine ever built. In
actual fact, in most
departments, it could run
away and hide from all of
the Warbirds, with the
exception of the Bearcat,
which is the only US
fighter capable of
out-climbing it.
The most
magical thing about all of
this performance is that
it's so easy to manage.
While the control
pressures are reasonably
light, the response is
instantaneous, and seems
perfectly proportional.
Want a little roll? Use a
little stick. Want a lot
of roll? Use a lot, etc.
And I wanted as much roll
as I could get. So, no
sooner had I put the nose
on the horizon at 6500
feet, then I yanked it up
into a series of aileron
rolls, and then slow
rolls. Then whatever
fractions of them I wanted
to make; four points,
eight points, the G-III
did them as if it had been
digitally controlled by
computer. The only problem
I had with those
manoeuvres was keeping the
airplane from gaining
altitude.
The most
mind-blowing point in the
flight (actually, there
were quite a few) was when
I flopped the G-III over
on its back and
cross-checked the
altimeter with the nose so
as to know where the level
inverted flight was. I was
pulling about 23 inches,
which translated to about
65 percent. While
hanging upside down, I
glanced at the airspeed
and couldn't believe where
the needle was pointing:
it was happily nailed to
the narrow space between
235 and 240 mph, at
6500 feet and little
more than 23 inches.
Later I put the
appropriate temperatures
and other stuff into the
little calculator and it
came out to 263 mph true.
Stoddard-Hamilton
literature says 269 mph
with those power settings,
so it is probably
absolutely correct since I
was only approximating the
manifold pressure.
As I
dropped the nose inverted,
then rolled out, the speed
went past 250 indicated.
Increasing the "G" to
about four in the pull, I
glanced out at both wings
and did a really poor
imitation of a vertical
roll. I was off in every
direction, but the
airplane kept going uphill
anyway. I pulled over the
top, handed the controls
over to Bob Herendeen in
the other seat, and he
sucked it up into a
vertical with a noticeably
crisp halt before
hammerheading out. Nice,
really, nice!
Bringing
the power back to idle, I
pulled the nose up and
waited until it slowed,
which happened much more
quickly than I had
expected because I'd
forgotten what a
marvellous speed brake a
gigantic propeller makes.
I held it there until the
speed worked its way down
to 80 mph and then a
buffet set in before it
broke gently at about 77
mph indicated. However,
the break was nothing
unusual and the instant
the elevator was released,
or the power applied, the
airplane was flying again.
In a dirty configuration,
only the break became
sharper.
During the
few times we weren't going
either up or down, or
around and around, I found
I could let the G-III take
care of itself without
worrying that it would do
anything out of the
ordinary. Its stability in
roll is quite a bit closer
to neutral than on any of
the other axis. In both
pitch and yaw, the
airplane heads back
towards straight and level
immediately, almost no
matter what you do with
it. In pitch, it would
take two cycles to go
level and in yaw, only one
cycle was needed.
We headed a
few miles south of
Oshkosh, into Fond du Lac,
to shoot some landings,
and I should probably
mention that the flight
wasn't without a few
nervous thoughts on my
part. I always have a
terrible time slowing down
high-performance airplanes
without hanging some "G"
on them. However, with the
G-III, all it took was
bringing the power back;
that fat prop took
care of the rest. The
airplane decelerates at
least as easily as a
Bonanza, and much easier
than a Mooney.
On
downwind, we got the gear
and half flaps, and I made
a wild guess as to how far
out I should go before
turning base. I kept it a
little tighter than usual,
figuring that the III
would settle quickly, but
I was wrong, and I came
very close to being too
high. Fortunately, this is
one of those airplanes
which has so much drag,
when everything is hanging
out, that I could drop the
nose and shed 100 feet
without gaining much
speed. We used about 105
mph on downwind, and bled
that off to 95 mph
on short final.
I hadn't
noticed that I was sitting
a little low in the
airplane until it came
time to break the glide,
and I realized that I was
looking through the very
bottom of the windscreen
where it's slightly
distorted. So, on my first
landing with the G-III, I
was a bit higher than I
should have been. Still,
the airplane mushed
through the last couple
feet in ground effect, and
gave me quite an
acceptable landing. The
next time around, though,
I had a much better idea
of where I was, and the
airplane landed as easily
as any Bonanza.
All in all,
I was amazed at the wide
envelope of the Glasair
III and the fact that it
required practically no
talent to fly it
adequately. I'm no
hot-shot, high-performance
pilot, but the airplane
seemed very comfortable to
fly from the very
beginning. I'd say that
almost anybody who can
handle a Mooney or Bonanza
(which is just about
everybody) would find the
G-III an easy airplane
into which to transition.
The only thing which might
surprise a pilot who flies
this Glasair for the first
time is the way it blasts
down the runway on take
off absolutely amazing. It
is, however, a highly wing
loaded airplane and asks
that you remember that at
all times, when you're in
the pattern. It's
essential that you fly the
right numbers on final, as
it is probably very
unforgiving of getting it
low and slow. VERY
unforgiving.
The G-III is one of the
very finest of the Hot
Homebuilt breed. It's an
incredible combination of
raw, brute performance and
mild, well-developed
manners. This airplane has
set a standard for
utility, performance and
out-and-out fun which will
be hard for any other
design to match.
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