WE WERE SKIMMING along on
top of a 4500-foot broken
deck, enjoying the
sensation of speed as the
tops of the puffies ripped
past us. Then I saw him
out in front through a
break in the deck. The
range was probably 3 miles
but the V-tail shape was
unmistakable. What was
even more unmistakable was
how rapidly my rear-end
view of the Beech Bonanza
was getting bigger. When
we caught up with him and
he disappeared under our
wing, it seemed as if less
than a minute or so had
gone past. It was obvious
that we had an easy 35- or
45-knot advantage over
him.
I
glanced over at the engine
instruments and saw we
were pulling about 2350
rpm and 23 inches Hg
of manifold pressure and
were indicating 215 knots.
I don't know if the
Bonanza ever saw us, as we
were above the clouds, but
it would have been
disappointing for him to
look up and see our rotund
shape disappear from sight
in a depressingly short
period of time. Bonanzas
are no slouches as
cross-country airplanes
but the Questair Venture
eats airplanes like
Bonanzas and Cessna 210s
for lunch (no cracks about
it looking as if it hasn't
digested one yet).
This
was my third evaluation
flight in the Venture over
the last couple of years
and every time I hop into
it, I come to like it more
and more. More than that,
I've come to respect not
only the airplane's
performance but the
professionalism of the
team behind it. The
Venture is unique in a lot
of ways and deserves some
close examination.
If
you're reading this
magazine, in all
probability you're doing
so because you look at
airplanes in a slightly
different vein than the
average EAA/homebuilt
type. An airplane to you
is a piece of
transportation to get from
here to there as quickly
and efficiently as
possible. You are long on
utility and short on
patience. That, in a
nutshell, sums up the
mission for which the
Venture was designed. It
was designed to fly high,
get there fast and ignore
the weather.
For an
airplane to be truly a
serious cross-country
airplane, it has to be
able to go when the
airliners go. Which means
it has to be designed as
if the sun never shines.
It's an instrument
platform first and a VFR
travelling machine second.
That, too, describes the
Ven-ture. It is an
extraordinarily serious,
mission-specific
cross-country hummer.
Ignoring the fact that
everyone picks on the
Venture's looks, if it
suffers from anything
within the private pilot
community, it would have
to be that it falls under
the category of homebuilt.
The nonsport aviation
community has for years
been labouring under the
misconception that the
majority of homebuilt
airplanes are designed to
flop around on a Sunday
morning by someone in
coveralls with butyrate
under his fingernails.
However, those more astute
observers have noticed the
top end of the homebuilt
category has changed
drastically. The new
generation of kits is
professionally designed,
marketed and tested and
offer utility far outside
that available in
factory-built Spam cans.
Granted, in most cases, it
is two-place utility as
opposed to four-place
utility, but every study
ever done shows four-place
airplanes spend most of
their lives with the back
seats vacant anyway.
Going
hand in hand with the
increased cross-country
utilitarianism of the
"new" homebuilts is the
rapid improvement in kit
construction and design.
This has brought the kit
airplane closer and closer
to being a true
snap-together machine that
doesn't require a degree
in engineering, a full
machine shop or the rest
of your life to construct.
And everything that has
just been said can be
applied to the Questair
Venture-in spades.
Unfortunately, aviation is
notoriously driven by
looks and emotions-always
has been, always will be.
For that reason, when the
Venture was introduced,
the first comments heard
were comedic monologues
beginning with, "Look at
it," and it was
unceremoniously dubbed
"The Egg." Even though the
Venture has set some
serious records, including
289 knots around a closed
course for Class C-lb,
there are still a lot of
pilots who can't get past
the looks. This is
especially true
considering its primary
competition, the Glasair
and Lancair, are
sexy-looking machines,
which helps sales a lot.
Not to say both airplanes
aren't faster than a
civilian airplane has a
right to be but the
Venture is still capable
of blowing past both of
them. However, many in the
market think the Venture
looks like an egg on its
tiptoes when parked next
to either airplane. It
suffers the same fate as
the old AMC Pacer: Big on
the inside, but small and,
unfortunately, a little
goinky on the outside.
The
bottom line, however, is
the airplane does what it
is supposed to do and fits
its mission as well as
just about any airplane
ever pro-duced, homebuilt
or otherwise. Also,
because it's made out of
aluminium, you can park it
anywhere and paint it any
color your heart desires.
You don't have the
composite airplane problem
of constantly worrying
about the skin
temperatures getting high
enough that some day you
come out to find a big,
ugly puddle on the ramp
where the airplane used to
be.
Firewall forward, the
Continental 10-550 and
McCauley propeller
combination is essentially
a Piper Malibu QEC without
the blower. Firewall back,
it could be said the
airplane is a Malibu
without the Malibu. If the
passenger cabin were
whacked off that noted
Piper speedster and the
tail glued to the
flight-deck bulkhead, the
result would be something
shaped an awful lot like
the Venture. This is not
by accident.
The design team for the
Venture was Jim Griswold
and Ed MacDonough, both
Piper expatriates who had
primary design duties on
the Malibu project, and
Doug Griswold, who had
been a member of General
Dynamics' advanced fighter
team. It's also not by
accident that those
compound curves on the
Venture are not glass but
good, old-fashioned
aluminium. Being from the
old school, it would have
been hard for Griswold and
MacDonough to use what
they undoubtedly see as a
yet-unproven construction
medium. Besides, building
it out of aluminium short
circuits an awful lot of
the questions about
composite longevity.
The
Venture kits are designed
for assembly, not
building. It's not an
airplane project where the
plans are stretched out on
a sheet of aluminium and
the builder whips out his
sharpest pair of tin snips
to start whittling parts
from scratch. When the top
is popped off the Venture
kit box, what the
prospective builder is
looking at is the result
of some very professional
planning and, in many
cases, design and
manufacturing work that is
downright innovative.
The
fuselage skins, which are
obviously compound, are
completed, stretch-formed
components, requiring only
minor trimming before
drilling holes and popping
clecos in place. It is
difficult to describe the
level of completion for
all the parts. Ribs,
stringers, bulkheads, you
name it, are complete and
almost ready to use. The
critical assemblies, such
as the spars, are already
finished, riveted and
ready to be installed.
This puts the scarier
operations, like
wing-fitting alignment and
drilling, in the hands of
professionals. The
importance of this kind of
completion can't be
underestimated. The
first-time builder has his
hands full enough without
being haunted by fittings
requiring such close
tolerances that only a
machine shop can
accomplish them safely.
Much of
the kit's precision and
complete-ness is the
product of the computer
age of CAD/CAM
(computer-aided design and
manufacturing)
engineering. The drawings
are also the result of the
CAD/CAM program The wildly
detailed assembly manual
takes every part and shows
it not only as an
individual component but
also as part of an
assembly, making it much
easier to visualize what
goes where.
A huge
amount of thought has been
given to helping the
prospective builder
assemble the airplane.
This includes packing into
each kit several hundred
pounds of steel plate that
has been cut to a given
shape with appropriate
holes punched so when the
steel sheets are bolted
together, they become
assembly jigs. This little
touch is really neat and
saves a prodigious amount
of time, while
guaranteeing alignment of
the part.
Setting
up the jigging for any
airplane, but especially
an aluminium airplane, is
the heart of the project
and determines how
straight the assemblies
will be and, therefore,
how well the airplane will
fly. In so many other
kits, building the jigs is
an exercise in precision
that can often add
significantly to the
amount of time required to
build the airplane.
Questair has looked at
that problem and, through
its computer, set up this
jigging system so the
builder practically has
precision handed to him.
The airplane we were
privileged to fly was not
only a different airplane
from the prototype but is
the first of the kit-built
machines. Actually, it's
not fair to call it purely
a kit-built airplane as it
was done by, and for, Don
Godwin of Atlantic Aero,
which also happens to call
Greensboro, North
Carolina, home, and is
located on the same
airport where Questair has
its plant. Godwin has been
very close to the Venture
from the beginning and is
one of the original
supporters of the company.
Even though his airplane
was built from kit parts
and was used to debug the
kits themselves, it would
be fair to say that this
airplane is still one
notch ahead of an actual
kit-built airplane. It
might be called a P0K, or
proof-of-kit machine. Even
though it was built from
the kits it, too, has
several things in it that
have been changed in the
kits-i.e., airplanes after
Godwin's all have
additional stringers in
the wings to stiffen them.
Stepping over the gunwales
of Godwin's airplane, I
again remembered the
comparison with the old
AMC Pacer. For those of
you who have for-gotten
the easy-to-forget Pacer,
it was an attempt by
American Motors to produce
a car that had the space
of a regular car inside
but was a compact car
outside. The idea didn't
work all that well for AMC
but when applied to an
airplane, it becomes an
interesting concept. The
result is a maximum inside
and minimum outside.
The
fuselage is wide, really
wide, measuring 46 inches
from side to side, which
puts it right up there
with the Beech Baron.
However, not all that
space is totally usable,
as there is a console the
size of a small ironing
board running between the
pilots that not only hides
the landing gear but
serves as a handy place to
mount bunches of switches
and such. Originally, the
pitch trim was on the
console under the
throttle, but on Godwin s
airplane, it has been
moved over to the left
control stick and is a
standard two-part switch
giving high and low rates,
depending on whether one
or both pieces are pushed.
This is an important
improvement over the
original trim situation.
The aileron trim is still
a left-right rocker switch
under your throttle hand
that could stand to be
relocated as it's possible
to bump it accidentally.
The
fishbowl canopy on the
Venture is the subject of
lots of debate among folks
for a number of reasons.
Among other things, it
requires a strut nearly 3
feet long to hold it far
enough open to allow pilot
and passenger to crawl in
behind it. Also, because
once the canopy is closed
the cockpit becomes a huge
solarium, the extension
strut has a stowage
position that allows the
canopy to ride a couple
inches open. This allows
heat to escape around the
edges.
I
crawled in next to Godwin
and marvelled at the size
of the instrument panel,
part of which is a
perception caused by the
fact that there are no
control yokes which make
part of it useless or
invisible. In fact, there
is neither control wheel
nor stick in the normal
sense of the word.
The
Venture uses a unique
control system in which
the fore and aft columns
that the control wheels
would normally attach to
have been relocated to the
extreme outer edges of the
panel, right up against
the fuselage side. A
hand-sized, L-shaped
extension is attached to
the end of the column,
coming up 45 degrees from
the fuselage sidewall. In
this respect, it is almost
a side stick, except it's
not. It is, to my
knowledge, the first time
any such control system
has been employed in an
aircraft and it feels much
more natural than it
sounds.
Having
flown the prototype
before, I was forewarned
about the importance of
the seating position. It
is critical that the pilot
sit high enough to take
complete advantage of the
head-room; otherwise, he
can't see over the long,
dachshund-type snoot when
coming in to land. With
the seat back adjusted up
about halfway, I felt as
if visibility had improved
a dozen fold and I still
had several inches to go
before having headroom
problems. I'm FAA-average
(5-feet 10-inches, 170
pounds), so the airplane
should accommodate the
tall pilot with no
problem.
While I was strapping in,
Godwin lit the fire under
the big Continental and we
started work-ing our way
down the taxiway. It's
necessary to talk about
how the nosewheel steering
and brakes work and it's
absolutely necessary to
understand the basic
concepts when flying the
airplane, as it's quite
easy to misuse the
brakes/steering and wind
up with neither.
The
nosewheel steering is
activated by a horizontal
hydraulic piston on the
nose strut that valves
pressure from both sides,
depending on which peda1
is pushed. If only one
pedal is pushed, the
metering system puts
pressure onto one side of
the piston, causing the
nosewheel to turn. If,
however, both pedals are
pushed, it somehow covers
up both ports and converts
that same hydraulic
pressure to braking,
leaving the nosewheel
exactly where it was when
the other pedal was
pushed. When steering the
airplane via the
nosewheel, it's absolutely
critical there be no
residual pedal pressure
left on the outside brake.
Otherwise, the nosewheel
steering doesn't want to
work because it thinks
it's supposed to be
braking.
Encountering a new system
such as this quickly
points out basic piloting
bad habits, which, in my
case, appear to be a
tendency to rest my feet
on both brake pedals at
the same time whether I'm
turning or not. It took a
fair amount of conscious
thought to remember to
lift the outside foot when
making a turn, because
even the slightest
pressure screwed up the
system.
The
rudder pedals are not
actually rudder pedals.
They are a classic
rudder-bar arrangement in
which a horizontal bar is
pivoted in the middle, the
outer extremities of which
are the actual rudder
pedals. Theoretically,
this means the pedals move
in a circle around the
center pivot. In actual
fact, so little rudder
movement is required that,
if he weren't told, the
pilot would think he was
using normal rudder
pedals. The toe brakes are
mounted on the outer edges
of the pivot arm and
everything about it works
very naturally.
As
Godwin and I finished the
runup, we went through
what I consider to be one
of the worse parts of the
airplane's design-latching
the canopy. There are
three latches on each
side, all of which must be
latched securely by the
pilot. This is necessary
to pull the plexi-dome
down snug onto its mating
ring on the fuselage. The
system works fairly well
but it raises the question
of, "What if you want to
get out in a hurry?" Or
better yet, "What if
there's an emergency and a
ground crew needs to get
the pilots out in a
hurry?" Nothing short of a
fire ax is going to get
through that canopy from
the outside. The entire
canopy setup is one that
I've never liked. I'd much
prefer to see it replaced
with a fixed windshield
and some type of
swing-forward or gullwing
hatch.
Out on
the center line at St.
Augustine's main runway, I
screwed the power in
slowly, being mindful of
the fact that with more
than 300 ponies in the
nose, even a tricycle-gear
airplane has a tendency to
head for the left bushes.
As the rudder doesn't
become effective until
it's rolling 20 or 25
knots, the new pilot is
usually told to tap a
little right brake then
bottom the rudder, easing
it up as necessary. Even
though I'd been told to do
that in the past, I always
found it to be overkill.
If power is brought in
reasonably slowly and
smoothly, the rudder gains
effectiveness just as fast
as the airplane gains
speed, which is to say,
mighty quick. As soon as
you can feel wind in the
rudder, the throttle can
be squeezed on home
leaving no doubt in your
mind that this aircraft is
able to get with the
program. At the same time,
the rudder alone is plenty
to keep it on the
more-or-less straight
track.
On
takeoff, this is an
exciting airplane! How
could it not be? No matter
how slowly the power is
brought in, it is
impossible not to feel as
if you're being launched
down the runway by a
catapult. Even at gross
weight of 2000 pounds, its
power-to-weight ratio is
only 7.1 pounds per
horsepower, which puts it
in the category with a
two-place Pitts Special.
These are numbers most
civilian pilots have never
experienced and the net
result is a pronounced
adrenaline rush on the
first takeoff.
The
good news is that even
though it's accelerating
like a rifle bullet, the
airplane will still let
the pilot unload the
nosewheel to run on the
mains for a second before
it launches itself into
the air. I was surprised
on my first takeoff to
find that even though the
runway lights were moving
so fast they appeared to
be 10 feet apart, I didn't
feel behind the airplane.
It's heavy enough, yet
well enough balanced, that
it let me know when the
nosewheel was getting
light and its long (as in
really long) nose
was hung out in front of
me, making it easy to find
an attitude reference.
As soon
as the airplane is off the
ground, if the gear is
sucked up immediately, the
first-time pilot is going
to experience a slight
tendency to fight the
out-of-trim conditions
presented by the changing
drag of the landing gear.
It's a better idea to wait
a second and get some
altitude, which literally
takes only seconds. Once
the gear is up, a quick
decision has to be made as
to whether the flight is
going to be spent in the
pattern or elsewhere.
Otherwise, you'll find
yourself past "elsewhere"
while still trying to make
up your mind. The airplane
goes up so quickly that
pattern altitude is
generally violated before
reaching the end of an
8000-foot runway like the
one at St. Augustine.
The
aileron trim is a little
fast. Those long wings
with their full-length
fuel tanks require
precision trim and the
rate on Godwin's airplane
was such that it was still
too easy to over-shoot
neutral.
As the
nose is pushed down and
the speed builds, the long
snoot assumes a vaguely
downward angle,
essentially getting
entirely out of the field
of vision. At the speed we
were moving, it initially
takes a bit of careful
attention to the
instruments to set up a
visual reference to aid in
trimming to a given speed
and altitude.
Breakout forces are
reasonably light-in fact,
for an airplane designed
for instrument flying,
they may be a little too
light as it takes only the
slightest wiggle of the
wrist to effect any normal
bank-angle change.
However, in doing aileron
rolls with this airplane,
I found the pressures do
build up at the extremes
of travel and there is a
good-sized perceived
difference in control
pressures when rolling the
airplane to the left or
right. This is because
rolling it left with the
controller in your left
hand means you are trying
to move your fore-arm in
the wrong direction and it
feels as if it takes more
muscle, which is actually
not the case. It's just
that most of us don't have
muscles working in that
direction.
The
airplane catches an awful
lot of grief because
people say it's too short
to possibly be anything
other than extremely
sensitive in pitch.
Obviously few, if any, of
those folks have actually
flown the airplane because
in most normal flight
regimes, there is no
feeling of sensitivity in
the elevator at all. Even
though it is just a little
bit loose in pitch
stability in that it takes
four or five cycles to
damp out, it is still much
better in that respect
than many factory machines
that are thought of as
superior instrument
airplanes.
A word
about the airplane's
stubby appearance:
Aerodynamically, an
airplane elevator arm is
defined by multiples of
mean aerodynamic chord
(MAC). The rule-of-thumb
range is generally 2.5-3.5
MAC. The Venture is at
3.0, which, although it is
absolutely midrange,
appears short because the
wing's aspect ratio is so
high, giving it a narrow
chord. Take my word for
it: In pitch, the airplane
could be a Cessna 210.
It is
quite deadbeat in yaw and
interestingly enough, in
moderate to severe
turbulence, it rides the
bumps quite well with no
tendency to do any kind of
Humpty Dumpty waltz like
the Bonanza or a few
others of its ilk. Also,
because of its wing
loading, it punches
through a lot of moderate
bumps, rather than riding
over them. For that
reason, it feels like a
much heavier airplane,
which is exactly what's
needed in an instrument
platform.
Having
run speed tests in the
past, I knew the 200+knot
speeds we were seeing were
real. I've timed the
airplane at an effortless
235 knots at 75% or less,
which is really hauling.
One of the things that
helps it mightly is it
gets nearly 2 inches of
ram-effect so it will hold
23 inches to nearly 10,000
feet.
I've
always thought it was some
sort of a testimony to the
ability of modem homebuilt
designers to have a speed
envelope that ranges from
50-60 knots up to 220-230
knots and have an airplane
that handles quite well at
both ends of the spectrum.
All of the modem superkits
have quite good manners at
the low end of the scale
and the Venture is
absolutely no different
from the rest of them.
With the power back and
the nose up, whether the
airplane is clean or dirty
makes little or no
difference. It wanders
down to around 60 knots
and leaves you sitting
there with the control
stick sucked up to your
chest.
However, if you have the
control stick nailed all
the way back, you are
doing it with two hands as
there isn't one pilot in
10 who can easily pull it
that far off trim and not
screw up a shoulder
muscle. Even when trimmed
for an approach speed of
85 knots, it still takes
two hands and a lot of
time to get the airplane
into a stall, which is
just a classic mush with
practically no break and
only a gentle roll-off to
the right (in Godwin's
airplane, anyway). If as
little as 12 inches of
power is added, the
airplane will continue
climbing while the pilot
has the stick hugged to
his chest. This is not an
airplane that is easy to
stall accidentally.
One of
the airplane's nicest
features is its rather
ungainly looking landing
gear. What makes it so
nice is it has an
operating speed of 170
knots and lots and lots of
flat-plate area and
parasite drag. So if you
want to come downhill from
altitude, all that's
necessary is to bring the
power back, let that big
prop flatten out to get
rid of the first 50 knots.
Then, throw the gear out,
drop the nose and maintain
170 knots while coming
downhill at 3000 fpm or
better.
If the
gear isn't dropped and the
throttle is brought most
of the way out, the
airplane gets down to
around 150 knots okay, but
it's hard getting rid of
any more speed without
putting a lot of g on it.
In fact, if you carry any
power at all, you'll
notice in the lower part
of the speed regimes the
speed almost exactly
matches the manifold
pressure. In other words,
15 inches gives 150 knots
indicated; 16 inches, 160
knots. I sat there with 13
inches on the airplane,
which is just enough to
keep the cylinder head
temperatures up, and went
in an endless series of
circles waiting for the
airplane to slow down and
it never did.
Dropping down to pattern
altitude and get-ting the
gear out before coming on
to downwind, I once again
reminded myself that the
gear presents different
amounts of flat-plate area
depending on where it is
in the extension cycle. At
first, the nose wants to
go up, then it wants to go
down, then it stabilizes
somewhere in between. It
doesn't make any sense to
attempt trimming before
that because for seven or
eight seconds, everything
is changing.
Although it's probably not
necessary to do so, once
used to the airplane, I
backed it out a fair
amount before turning base
so I wouldn't have to slip
to get it to come down
final. There is no
opportunity to
change glideslope by
varying flaps because,
when the gear comes out,
the full-length ailerons
droop, becoming
full-length flaps at a
given setting. What you
get is what you got.
However, the airplane is
absolutely happy as a Cub
to do great slips, even
with the flaps out, which
sometimes can come in
pretty handy.
At 85
knots on final, the
airplane is rock steady in
every aspect and requires
practically no attention
to hold the speed,
assuming it's trimmed
correctly. From the time
you turned final to the
time you are ready to
flare, the approach is
quite anticlimactic, with
one minor difference.
Unless the final is miles
long, there is no
likelihood power will be
needed. Those high-aspect
ratio wings make the
airplane into a glider. A
normal C-2
10/Bonanza-sized approach
will be flown absolutely
power off with
helicopter-style
visibility.
As the
airplane is slowed in the
flare, the nose comes up
at an increasingly steep
angle until, as I was
holding it off searching
for the pavement with the
mains, I might as well
have been flying a
taildragger for all I
could see over the nose.
It was no problem,
however, to look out to
the side, which in fact
actually helped in gauging
my height above the
ground. On practically
every landing I made,
those big, long wings let
me feel my way through
ground effect so easily
the mains clunked on in a
way that made me
reasonably satisfied with
the touchdown. I hadn't
made a fool of myself (for
once).
One
unusual thing about the
airplane on touchdown is
that the narrow gear and
long wings let the
airplane react quite
noticeably to crosswinds
or gusts. It will put a
wing down and keep it
there during a rollout or
rock one way or the other
on the gear. However, the
ailerons are so effective
that, as long as the
airplane is moving, the
wings can be kept level
simply by asking them to
be level.
It
would be difficult not to
be impressed by the
airplane's handling and
performance. It's not
perfect, but few airplanes
are. However, it is also a
home-built airplane and,
in that frame of
reference, it is a
phenomenal machine. It's
also an airplane any
competent Bonanza or
Centurion owner can
quickly and easily learn
to fly
With
the standard tankage of 56
gallons (85 gallons is
optional), the airplane is
good for 1000 nm. at
maximum cruise of 240
knots. Read that
carefully-that means the
Venture covers that 1000
n.m. in a shade more than
four hours! And, yes, it
can take full fuel and two
normal-size folks (useful
load 760 pounds) along
with baggage. As we said,
it is a serious travelling
machine.
Questair recognizes that
the $65,000 base kit price
for the airplane is a
bunch and it's set up an
interesting delivery
program that breaks the
scheduled payments into
four different stages. If
the entire kit is paid for
at one time, the price is
$63,000 and the funds are
held in escrow until the
kit is shipped within six
months. Incidentally, the
cost of the new
Conti-nental IO-550-G
engine and matching prop
make up nearly half the
kit price.
The
high-performance homebuilt
market is a fickle one and
the success of the Venture
hinges largely on the
willingness of individuals
who want an airplane for
utility, rather than
purely fun, to front that
kind of money and to
devote that kind of time.
Questair said it is
back-ordered into early
next year, which indicates
it is able to see a future
that will keep the lights
on. As the Venture is the
only aluminium
high-performance bird
available (the Swearingen
doesn't count, as it is no
longer available), it at
least has the
"anti-composite" market to
itself.
If one
word of advice can be
given to the prospective
buyer/builder of a
high-performance homebuilt
kit, it is important he
fly all of them. By doing
so, he'll see that the
Venture looks entirely
different from the inside.
Don't write it off just
because its appearance
isn't traditional. It may
be an egg, but it is one
hell of a fast egg!